SMA Tripower Solar Inverter Faults and Repairs

German solar inverter specialists SMA have been a leading manufacturer in renewable energy technologies for the last 35 years. SMA's three phase Tripower solar inverters come in a range of power ratings and have been widely installed in the UK for many years, some of the most popular being the transformerless STP-10000TL, STP-12000TL, STP-15000TL and the STP-17000TL.

We have installed SMA equipment for our own clients for many years and we also have a lot of experience in working with their equipment for new clients on the support side. So if you would like help with diagnosing faults, carrying out servicing or repairs and or are currently without an installer then you will find us well qualified and pleased to help.

SMA Tripower solar inverters have LCD displays on the front of the chassis, which providing it's working, will highlight any errors with the solar inverter or the solar PV system that it runs, event numbers will be displayed along with a message. We have listed and described common faults with SMA Tripower solar inverters and what action to take to resolve them below:

SMA SunnyBoy (single phase) Faults and repairs

All Solar Inverter Fault Codes, Warnings and Troubleshooting

Solar PV System Repairs

Solar Inverter Replacement

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter Faults and Warnings:

Some of the advice we give related to identifying, confirming and or resolving some of the faults detailed below, starts with safely shutting down and restarting the solar inverter and the solar PV system. This is something that nearly all three phase solar PV systems installed in the UK would have been designed to be carried out safely by the solar PV system owner. However, paperwork, schematics and manuals are not always clear or available, so if you have any concerns about how to do this, Contact us and we will be pleased to talk you through the process over the telephone at no charge.

How to Restart SMA Tripower Solar Inverters:

Leave everything near the supply meters turned on. At the solar inverter there will be an AC isolator, this is used to isolate the mains/grid supply from the solar inverter and to prevent the solar inverter from feeding solar power into the electrical system. Switch the AC isolator 'off', if the solar inverter is running correctly you will hear a clunk inside the machine and after a while a 'no-grid', 'missing grid' warning or similar on the LCD display.

AC Isolator

Near to and or built into the solar inverter will be a method of isolating the solar (DC) supply from the solar inverter. Often these are black and grey and will be labelled 'DC isolator' or similar. There might be two or more of these if the system is fed by multiple strings/circuits. If there isn't a seperate DC isolation device, there will be a way to isolate the DC supply built-in to the solar inverter itself (often a rotary style switch underneath), turn this 'off'.

When all of the lights on the solar inverter have gone out, reintroduce the AC/mains power supply by turning the AC isolator 'on'. Introduce the DC supply by turning all DC isolators 'on'.

This will restart the solar inverter, on the display it might show you progress during it's startup procedure. During startup is when the solar inverter carries out all of the tests needed before being able to connect the solar supply to the electrical system. If errors are found during testing they will be displayed on the screen or an indication light might come on. Make a note of any warning messages, warning lights and fault codes.

If the restart is succesful a green light will come on, sometimes flashing at first but once connected to the mains/AC supply remaining permenantly on. The LCD display will show how much power the solar PV system is generating. The solar PV system can be verified as working at the solar generation / Feed in Tariff (FIT) meter which will count on the display, the red light will pulse as it counts.

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter: No lights, No Display

SMA Tripower solar inverters are powered by the solar panels (the DC supply) and will startup at sunrise each day and shutdown at night. If you find the solar inverter with no lights or display working during the day, there is either a problem with the solar panels or with the solar inverter. Follow the shutdown and restart procedure outlined above and if the problem persists Contact us to discuss the next steps.

If you have the correct tools and are comfortable in doing so, isolate the AC and DC power supplies from the solar inverter and confirm that the incoming DC voltages are as expected by measuring between the positive and negative incoming terminals in DC isolators (if avalable) and or at the DC solar inverter inputs. Light conditions and the type of solar panel will affect voltages but as a rule of thumb anywhere from 30V-60V per panel x the number of panels connected in series in the string would be a reasonable voltage estimate.

No or very low DC voltage would suggest a problem with the solar panels, measuring the expected voltage at the isolator terminals and or the DC inputs, although additional testing should be carried out, would suggest a problem with the solar inverter. Contact us to discuss the next steps.

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter Fault Codes and Explanations:

* Event 101-103 - Grid Fault - The solar inverter is measuring a grid (mains) voltage or a grid impedence that is too high in relation to the parameters that the solar inverter has been set to safely operate within. If this fault persists contact us to arrange for a solar engineer to visit to establish whether the fault lies with the solar inverter or with the grid.

* Event 202-203 - Grid Fault - The solar inverter is measuring a grid (mains) voltage or a grid impedence that is too low in relation to the parameters that the solar inverter has been set to safely operate within. If this fault persists and mains power is available to other local circuits then check that all isolators, MCBs and RCDs on the AC side of the solar PV system are 'On'.

Check fuses, isolators, Miniture Circuit Breakers (MCBs) and Residual Current Devices (RCDs) in and around consumer units, around the solar generation and mains/grid supply meters and see if anything marked 'solar PV' or you can see is related to the solar PV system is switched 'off'. The solar generation meter draws it's power from the mains so if this isn't on, this would be a strong indication that something heading toward the incoming grid/mains power supply has tripped off.

RCD

MCB

An RCD has a test button and is twice the width or a circuit breaker. An RCD that's switched itself 'off' is an indication that it has picked up an earth fault somewhere on the circuit that it protects, this fault could be anywhere on the circuit and might have been temporary.

- If an RCD has switched itself 'off' it's ok to try to turn it back 'on' again. If you meet with instant and strong resistance to closing the switch, leave it 'off'. If it stays on for a short while and switches off when the solar PV system has warmed up and begun to feed in power, there's most likely a problem with the solar PV system somewhere, leave the RCD turned 'off' and contact us to discuss the next steps.

If the RCD remains on for a few hours, weeks or days and then switches itself off, faults like these are often weather related. Damp cables and wet or windy conditions will often expose faults both physical and in design, with AC and DC cabling, connectors, solar panels and RCDs. Contact us to discuss the next steps.

If the RCD stays on, the solar inverter starts up and everything works fine in all conditions - all good.

- If a circuit breaker has switched 'off' this is an indication of either a short circuit, most likely a serious failure either within the solar inverter or with the solar inverter supply cable. Or for some other reason the circuit breaker has picked up a fault and isolated the circuit to prevent the solar inverter supply cable from becoming overloaded.

Turn on circuit breakers at your own risk, there is the potential to cause damage and only do so when you are able to access and inspect the solar inverter and all isolation equipment whilst it's in operation. If you meet instant and strong resistance, leave the circuit breaker 'off' and turn everything to do with the solar PV system 'off' remembering to also safely isolate the DC circuits.

If the circuit breakers stays on and then switches itself off after a few minutes, this is reasonably strong indication that the solar inverter has a serious internal fault. Turn off everything to do with the solar PV system including the DC isolators and contact us to discuss the next steps.

If the circuit breaker stays on, the solar PV inverter starts up and feeds power into the electrical system through the circuit breaker; although the circuit breaker will continue to protect the circuit, ideally a physical inspection and electrical test of the supply circuit including all isolators, circuit breakers, RCDs and electrical connections would also be carried out.

- Everything's 'on' but the error remains and the solar inverter won't start. If everything on the grid/mains power supply side including the solar generation meter is switched 'on', this would be an indication that there is either an internal fault within the solar inverter or there's a problem with the grid/mains power supply. Contact us to discuss the next steps.

* Event 301 - Grid Fault - The solar inverter has measured a 10 minute average grid (mains) voltage or a grid impedence that is too high in relation to the parameters that the solar inverter has been set to safely operate within. See * Event 202-203 - Grid Fault above.If this fault persists contact us to arrange for a solar engineer to visit to establish whether the fault lies with the solar inverter or with the grid.

* Event 401-404 - Grid Fault - The solar inverter is no longer in grid parallel operation due to frequency fluctations from an unstable grid (mains) connection and has stopped feed‑in operation for safety reasons. See * Event 202-203 - Grid Fault above. If this fault persists contact us to arrange for a solar engineer to visit to establish whether the fault lies with the solar inverter or with the grid.

* Event 501 - Grid Fault - The solar inverter is measuring a grid (mains) frequency that is either too high or too low in relation to the parameters that the solar inverter has been set to safely operate within. See * Event 202-203 - Grid Fault above. If this fault persists contact us to arrange for a solar engineer to visit to establish whether the fault lies with the solar inverter or with the grid.

* Event 601 - Grid Fault - The internal monitoring function of the solar inverter has detected an excessively high proportion of direct current in the grid current. If this fault persists contact us to arrange for a solar engineer to visit to establish whether the fault lies with the solar inverter or with the grid.

* Event 701 - Frq. not permitted - The solar inverter is measuring a power frequency outside the permissible range that the solar inverter has been set to safely operate within. See * Event 202-203 - Grid Fault above. If this fault persists contact us to arrange for a solar engineer to visit to establish whether the fault lies with the solar inverter or with the grid.

* Event 1302 - Waiting for grid voltage - Grid Failure - Check AC Circuit Breaker - The solar inverter understands that there has been a mains failure (a power cut). If this fault persists and mains power is available to other local circuits then check that all isolators, MCBs and RCDs on the AC side of the solar PV system are 'On'. See * Event 202-203 - Grid Fault above.

* Event 1501 - Reconnection fault grid - The solar inverter understands that there has been a mains failure (a power cut). See * Event 202-203 - Grid Fault above.

* Event 3301-3303 - Unstable operation - The ten-minute average value of the grid voltage is no longer within the permissible range. The grid voltage or grid impedance at the connection point is too high. The solar inverter disconnects from the utility grid to maintain power quality. If this error persists then contact us.

* Event 3401-3402 - DC overvoltage - Disconnect generator - The solar inverter is measuring too much voltage from the solar panels. Assuming that this is an existing installation that has been specified correctly, hasn't recently been changed or added to and has operated before without problems. This could mean either a problem with the solar panels or with the solar inverter. We would advise that the DC side of the system is disconnected using either the built in DC isolator at the bottom of the solar inverter or the DC Isolator installed between the solar panels and the solar inverter (if available) and contact us to test the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter.

* Event 3501 - Insulation Failure - Check generator - This error is generated when during normal operation of the solar inverter, a leakage current to ground/earth is detected on the DC side of the system. Although it is also possible that the solar inverter generates this alarm message due to AC leakage currents connected to the capacitive nature of the solar panels compared to ground/earth or there could be a problem with the solar inverter itself.

For as long as the situation persits then the solar inverter will not startup. Earth / Ground Faults (also called Insulation or Isolation Faults) often present themselves when it is raining or at times of high humidity when moisture can enter the solar PV system through damaged solar panels, connectors or cabling. These faults often clear when weather conditions improve but they will not get better by themselves, most often degrading and becoming more dangerous over time.

We would advise that you book a solar repair engineer's visit in order to carry out a full solar system test, identify the source and rectify the fault. We've written more about how to identify and repair ground faults here: Ground Faults, Isolation (ISO) Faults, RISO Low Faults and Insulation Resistance Faults with Solar PV Systems

* Event 3601 - High discharge curr. - Check generator - This error is generated when during normal operation of the solar inverter, a leakage current to ground/earth is detected on the DC side of the system. See Event 3501 - Insulation Failure - Check generator above. We would advise that you book a solar repair engineers visit in order to carry out a full system test, identify the source and rectify the fault.

* Event 3701 - Resid.curr.too.high - Check generator - This error is generated when during normal operation of the solar inverter, a leakage current to ground/earth is detected on the DC side of the system. See Event 3501 - Insulation Failure - Check generator above. We would advise that you book a solar repair engineers visit in order to carry out a full system test, identify the source and rectify the fault.

* Event 3801-3802 - DC overcurrent - Check generator - The solar inverter is measuring too much current from the solar panels. Assuming that this is an existing installation that has been specified correctly, hasn't recently been changed or added to and has operated before without problems. This could mean either a problem with the solar panels or with the solar inverter. We would advise that the DC side of the system is disconnected using either the built in DC isolator at the bottom of the solar inverter or the DC Isolator installed between the solar panels and the solar inverter (if available) and contact us to test the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter.

* Event 3901-3902 - Waiting for DC start conditions - Start cond. not met - The solar inverter is measuring low DC voltage. Assuming that there is adequate sunlight, this is an existing installation that has been specified correctly, no changes near the installation area have been carried out and the system has operated before without problems, then if this fault persists, we would advise that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested.

* Event 4001 - String X defect. - Do not disconn. ESS - There is reverse current in the string displayed or the polarity of this string is reversed. Further strings could also be affected. The PV array is short-circuited by the solar inverter. The solar inverter will emit a beeping sound when this error is present. DO NOT disconnect the built in isolator or switch off any accompanying isolators until it is dark. Once safe to do so we would advise isolating the solar inverter from any AC or DC voltage sources and that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested before the solar inverter is reconnected.

* Event 4002 - String X low power - Check generator - The solar inverter is measuring a weak or broken string. Assuming that there is adequate sunlight, this is an existing installation that has been specified correctly, no changes near the installation area have been carried out and the system has operated before without problems, then if this fault persists, we would advise that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested.

* Event 4003 - String X defect. - Do not disconn. ESS - The solar inverter is measuring a weak or broken string. The PV array is short-circuited by the solar inverter. The solar inverter will emit a beeping sound when this error is present. DO NOT disconnect the built in isolator or switch off any accompanying isolators until it is dark. Once safe to do so we would advise isolating the solar inverter from any AC or DC voltage sources and that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested before the solar inverter is reconnected.

* Event 4005 - Part.str. X low p. - Check generator - The solar inverter is measuring a weak or broken substring. Assuming that there is adequate sunlight, this is an existing installation that has been specified correctly, no changes near the installation area have been carried out and the system has operated before without problems, then if this fault persists, we would advise that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested.

* Event 6001-6445 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6313 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6429 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6430 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6432 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6433 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6437 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6438 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6439 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6501-6502 - Self diagnosis - Overtemperature - The ambient temperature around the solar inverter is too hot. This could be due to a number of factors, for example 1) If the solar inverter is exposed to direct sunlight 2) If the solar inverter has been installed without adequate ventilation around the chassis which would allow excess heat to dissipate 3) The solar inverter's components are getting too hot due to an internal component fault. If the unit isn't running hot and if after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists then contact us.

* Event 6603-6604 - Self diagnosis - Overload - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6701-6702 - Comm. disturbed - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6801-6802 - Self diagnosis - Input A defective - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 6901-6902 - Self diagnosis - Input B defective - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 7001-7002 - Sensor fault fan permanently on - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 7101-7110 - Various messages - There are various messages that can be present alongside these fault codes. These are mostly related to the SD card and firmware. Contact us with the exact message as displayed on the screen to discuss what these issues might be and how they can be resolved.

* Event 7201-7202 - Data stor. not poss. - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 7303-7326 - Various messages - There are various messages that can be present alongside these fault codes. These are mostly related to internal components that are showing errors but the errors aren't serious enough to prevent grid feed in. Contact us with the exact message as displayed on the screen to discuss what these issues might be and how they can be resolved.

* Event 7401 - Varistor defective - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 7508 - Fan fault - Clean fan - The temperature inside the solar inverter is too hot which the solar inverter understands is due to dust, fluff or a similar obstruction blocking the vents or fans inside the chassis. If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists then contact us.

* Event 7701-7703 - Self diagnosis - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 8001 - Derating occurred - The solar inverter has measuring a temperature for more than 10 minutes that is too hot and has reduced power output to protect itself. This could be due to a number of factors, for example 1) If the solar inverter is exposed to direct sunlight 2) If the solar inverter has been installed without adequate ventilation around the chassis which would allow excess heat to dissipate 3) The solar inverter's components are getting too hot due to an internal component fault. If the unit isn't running hot and if after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists then contact us.

* Event 8104 - Interference device - If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists the inverter has a fatal error and should be replaced. There are a few ways that we can help with this: Solar Inverter Replacement

* Event 8201 - Interference device - Do not disconn. ESS - This is an internal error within the solar inverter. The solar inverter will emit a beeping sound when this error is present. DO NOT disconnect the built in isolator switch or switch off any accompanying isolators until it is dark. Once safe to do so we would advise isolating the solar inverter from any AC or DC voltage sources and that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested before the solar inverter is reconnected.

* Event 8202 - Connect ESS, do not open cover - This is an internal error within the solar inverter. The solar inverter will emit a beeping sound when this error is present. DO NOT disconnect the built in isolator switch or switch off any accompanying isolators until it is dark. Once safe to do so we would advise isolating the solar inverter from any AC or DC voltage sources and that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested before the solar inverter is reconnected.

* Event 8203 - Interference device - Do not disconn. ESS - This is an internal error within the solar inverter. The solar inverter will emit a beeping sound when this error is present. DO NOT disconnect the built in isolator switch or switch off any accompanying isolators until it is dark. Once safe to do so we would advise isolating the solar inverter from any AC or DC voltage sources and that the DC side of the system including and excluding the solar inverter is tested before the solar inverter is reconnected.

* Event 8301 - Lightn.prot.inactive - Chk lightn.prot.A/PE - At least one surge arrester within the solar inverter is defective. If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists then contact us.

* Event 8302 - Lightn.prot.inactive - Chk lightn.prot.A/PE - At least one surge arrester within the solar inverter is defective. If after the system has been safely shutdown and restarted this condition persists then contact us.

* Event 8401 - Overheating - Disconn. device from generator and grid - The solar inverter has overheated. Isolate the solar inverter from all AC or DC voltage sources and contact us.

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Solar Inverter Replacement

Solar Inverter Recycling: - Recycling SMA Tripower Inverters

SMA Tripower solar inverters contain valuable materials such as copper and aluminium, these materials are in high demand and recycling them is significantly less energy intensive than extracting them from ore.

If you find yourself with a damaged or faulty SMA Tripower solar inverter, we will be pleased to help you recycle it.

There is no charge for this service but all costs involved with decommissioning and transportation are covered by you.
If you're delivering an inverter to us in person, although it's usually no trouble to arrange other days, the most convenient time for us is between 9am and 2pm on a Saturday, please let us know of your visit with an approximate time in advance.
We do not buy or sell used solar inverters or used inverter parts. For UK buyers and sellers, we've found ebay to be the best place for buying used solar inverters and inverter parts.
We can accept deliveries by courier at all times throughout the week but please contact us before you arrange this.
We can also help to recycle solar panels, solar batteries and solar mounting equipment.

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Regular solar PV system testing, servicing and maintenance will extend the life of a solar PV system and ensure that solar panels are always operating safely and at their best, whilst maximising yields.

We offer complete safety and performance testing for solar PV power systems of any size. Includes solar panels, cables, solar inverters, isolators and mains connections.

We provide solar power system testing and maintenance services for residential, commercial, industrial and agricultural clients across Southern, South West England and the West Midlands, with specialist experience working with farmers, developers and commercial and industrial buildings owners.

Solar Power System Testing, Servicing & Maintenance

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If you have a faulty solar inverter, we offer an efficient, value for money, hassle free solar inverter replacement service. We offer good advice and install quality equipment with comprehensive warranty and support options. We will test the rest of the system as part of the service, take care of all hardware deliveries, record the new unit's serial number and confirm the warranty details with the manufacturer.

Our solar electricians work cleanly and will dispose of any unwanted boxes, faulty equipment and packaging.

Many modern inverters can now use wireless home networks to transmit solar generation data to PCs, tablets and smartphones, so if you would like something like this, let us know and we will be happy to set it up as part of the installation.

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Mains/Grid Isolation and Surge Protection

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A whole house surge protector is installed to provide protection from transient overvoltages originating from the mains/grid. A whole house surge protector is installed directly inline and as close as possible to the incoming mains/grid supply meter, this allows for surge protection for all circuits and equipment including solar inverters, routers, stereos and other sensitive electrical equipment within the network. The addition of a 100Amp lockable isolator also allows for safe and convenient isolation of all electrical equipment within the network including consumer units, solar inverters, battery storage units and EV chargers from the mains/grid in one place.

Surge protectors are in compliance with the recently updated 18th edition amendment 2 of BS7671.

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Articles: Further Information, Calculators & Solar Inverter Fault Codes

Lots of articles, calculators and technical information including links for further reading. Covering a range of topics related to the installation and maintenance of solar photovoltaic and electrical systems in the UK.

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This Publically Available Specification (PAS) from the British Standards Institution (BSI) was sponsored by The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. Although not yet a British Standard, this guidance was developed in response to an urgent demand for clarity as to good practice across the industry including product, service and process standards.

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After a number of years exposed to wind, rain, snow, ice and sometimes animals; solar panel systems can start to develop faults. The most common faults we find related to exposure are ground faults, isolation (ISO) faults, RISO low faults and insulation resistance faults. In this article we take a look at what these faults are, the possible causes and what steps are taken to identify and resolve them.

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Solar & Electrical | Services & Systems

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter Faults and Repairs

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter Faults and Warnings:

How to Restart SMA Tripower Solar Inverters:

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter: No lights, No Display

SMA Tripower Solar Inverter Fault Codes and Explanations:

Solar Inverter Recycling: - Recycling SMA Tripower Inverters

Areas Served: